OOPS Concepts
Object means a real word entity such as pen, chair, table etc. Object-Oriented Programming is a methodology or paradigm to design a program using classes and objects. It simplifies the software development and maintenance by providing some concepts:
Object
Class
Method
Variables
Inheritance
Polymorphism
Abstraction
Encapsulation
1) Object
Any entity that has state and behavior is known as an object. For example: chair, pen, table, keyboard, bike etc. It can be physical and logical.
2) Class
Collection of objects is called class. It is a logical entity.
3) Method
A method is basically a behavior. A class can contain many methods. It is in methods where the logics are written, data is manipulated and all the actions are executed.
4) Variables
Each object has its unique set of instance variables. An object's state is created by the values assigned to these instance variables.
5) Inheritance
When one object acquires all the properties and behaviors of parent object i.e. known as inheritance. It provides code re usability.
6) Polymorphism
When one task is performed by different ways i.e. known as polymorphism. For example: to draw something e.g. shape or rectangle etc.
In java, we use method overloading and method overriding to achieve polymorphism.
7) Abstraction
Hiding internal details and showing functionality is known as abstraction. For example: phone call, we don't know the internal processing.
In java, we use abstract class and interface to achieve abstraction.
8) Encapsulation
Binding (or wrapping) code and data together into a single unit is known as encapsulation. For example: capsule, it is wrapped with different medicines.
A java class is the example of encapsulation
Advantage of OOPs over Procedure-oriented programming language
1)OOPs makes development and maintenance easier where as in Procedure-oriented programming language it is not easy to manage if code grows as project size grows.
2)OOPs provides data hiding whereas in Procedure-oriented programming language a global data can be accessed from anywhere.
3)OOPs provides ability to simulate real-world event much more effectively. We can provide the solution of real word problem if we are using the Object-Oriented Programming language.
Object means a real word entity such as pen, chair, table etc. Object-Oriented Programming is a methodology or paradigm to design a program using classes and objects. It simplifies the software development and maintenance by providing some concepts:
Object
Class
Method
Variables
Inheritance
Polymorphism
Abstraction
Encapsulation
1) Object
Any entity that has state and behavior is known as an object. For example: chair, pen, table, keyboard, bike etc. It can be physical and logical.
2) Class
Collection of objects is called class. It is a logical entity.
3) Method
A method is basically a behavior. A class can contain many methods. It is in methods where the logics are written, data is manipulated and all the actions are executed.
4) Variables
Each object has its unique set of instance variables. An object's state is created by the values assigned to these instance variables.
5) Inheritance
When one object acquires all the properties and behaviors of parent object i.e. known as inheritance. It provides code re usability.
6) Polymorphism
When one task is performed by different ways i.e. known as polymorphism. For example: to draw something e.g. shape or rectangle etc.
In java, we use method overloading and method overriding to achieve polymorphism.
7) Abstraction
Hiding internal details and showing functionality is known as abstraction. For example: phone call, we don't know the internal processing.
In java, we use abstract class and interface to achieve abstraction.
8) Encapsulation
Binding (or wrapping) code and data together into a single unit is known as encapsulation. For example: capsule, it is wrapped with different medicines.
A java class is the example of encapsulation
Advantage of OOPs over Procedure-oriented programming language
1)OOPs makes development and maintenance easier where as in Procedure-oriented programming language it is not easy to manage if code grows as project size grows.
2)OOPs provides data hiding whereas in Procedure-oriented programming language a global data can be accessed from anywhere.
3)OOPs provides ability to simulate real-world event much more effectively. We can provide the solution of real word problem if we are using the Object-Oriented Programming language.
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